Basic Information
- Common Name: Red Delicious Apple
- Scientific Name: Malus domestica ‘Red Delicious’
- Category: Fruit
- Varieties: There are several strains of Red Delicious apples, with some variation in the depth of color and shape, but they are all generally recognized for their deep red skin.
Nutritional Information (per 100g serving)
- Macronutrients:
- Carbohydrates: Approximately 14.3g
- Protein: About 0.19g
- Fat: Less than 0.21g
- Micronutrients:
- Vitamin C: Around 4.6mg
- Potassium: Approximately 95mg
- Vitamin A: About 3µg
- Calcium: Around 5mg
- Iron: Approximately <0.1mg
Phytonutrients
Red Delicious apples are one of the most iconic apple varieties, known for their striking red appearance and sweet taste. They have historically been a favorite for fresh eating, especially in the United States, although their popularity has been surpassed by newer varieties in recent years.
Red Delicious apples, renowned for their deep red skin and sweet flavor, are also rich in various phytonutrients that contribute to their health benefits. Here’s an overview of the main phytonutrients found in raw Red Delicious apples with skin:
1. Flavonoids
- Quercetin: A potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antihistamine effects.
- Catechin: Offers cardiovascular benefits by improving heart health and potentially aiding in weight management.
- Epicatechin: Linked to reduced risk of chronic diseases and improved endothelial function.
2. Anthocyanins (predominantly in the skin)
- Responsible for the deep red color of the apple skin, anthocyanins have antioxidant properties and may support heart health.
3. Chlorogenic Acid
- A polyphenol that can help regulate blood sugar levels and contribute to weight loss efforts.
4. Phloridzin
- Specific to apples, this compound may help protect against osteoporosis and has been investigated for its potential to lower blood sugar levels.
5. Procyanidins
- These are linked to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and may help reduce the risk of heart disease.
6. Vitamin C
- Although not a phytonutrient, Vitamin C is a key antioxidant found in Red Delicious apples, supporting immune function and skin health.
Health Benefits of Phytonutrients in Red Delicious Apples:
- Antioxidant Activity: The blend of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and Vitamin C helps neutralize harmful free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and the risk of chronic diseases.
- Heart Health: Flavonoids like catechin and procyanidins can improve cardiovascular health by lowering blood pressure and reducing cholesterol levels.
- Blood Sugar Regulation: Compounds such as chlorogenic acid and phloridzin may have beneficial effects on blood sugar control, which is crucial for preventing and managing diabetes.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: The anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin and other phytonutrients can help mitigate the risk of inflammatory diseases.
It’s worth noting that the phytonutrient content in apples can vary based on factors like growing conditions, ripeness, and storage methods. Consuming apples with the skin on maximizes the intake of these beneficial compounds, as many phytonutrients are concentrated in or just beneath the skin. Red Delicious apples, with their high flavonoid and anthocyanin content, are a particularly good choice for those looking to boost their antioxidant intake.
- Calorie Count: About 56 kcal
- Glycemic Index: Low to moderate, typically around 30-40
Physical Characteristics
- Color: Deep red, sometimes with striations.
- Shape: A distinctive elongated, heart shape with five distinct knobs at the base.
- Size: Medium to large, averaging about 7 to 8 cm in diameter.
- Texture: Crisp when fresh, with a mild, sweet flavor. The flesh is creamy white.
Culinary Uses
- Common Dishes: Often eaten fresh out of hand due to their sweet flavor. Used in salads, sandwiches, and as a garnish.
- Preparation Methods: Best consumed raw to enjoy their full flavor and crisp texture. Not typically recommended for cooking or baking, as they can become mushy.
- Suitable Pairings: Pairs well with peanut butter, cheese (especially sharp cheddar), and in fresh salads with nuts and blue cheese.
Geographical Information
- Origin: Originated in the United States in the late 19th century, discovered as a chance seedling by Jesse Hiatt in Iowa.
- Primary Growing Regions: Widely grown in the United States, particularly in Washington, New York, and California. Also cultivated in other parts of the world, including Italy, China, and Canada.
- Seasonal Availability: Harvested in the fall but available year-round due to controlled atmosphere storage.
| Proximates | |
| Water | 84.7g |
| Energy (Atwater General Factors) | 62kcal |
| Energy (Atwater Specific Factors) | 56kcal |
| Nitrogen | 0.03g |
| Protein | 0.19g |
| Total lipid (fat) | 0.21g |
| Ash | 0.15g |
| Carbohydrates: | |
| Carbohydrate, by difference | 14.8g |
| Carbohydrate, by summation | 14.3g |
| Fiber, total dietary | 2g |
| Sugars, Total | 12.2g |
| Sucrose | 1.32g |
| Glucose | 3.09g |
| Fructose | 7.81g |
| Lactose | <0.15g |
| Maltose | <0.15g |
| Minerals: | |
| Calcium, Ca | 5mg |
| Iron, Fe | <0.1mg |
| Magnesium, Mg | 4.7mg |
| Phosphorus, P | 9mg |
| Potassium, K | 95mg |
| Sodium, Na | <1mg |
| Zinc, Zn | 0.02mg |
| Copper, Cu | 0.024mg |
| Manganese, Mn | 0,029mg |
| Vitamins and Other Components: | |
| Thiamin | 0.009mg |
| Riboflavin | 0.066mg |
| Niacin | 0.09mg |
| Vitamin B-6 | 0.021mg |
| Folate, total | <6µg |
